5G operates at higher frequencies than previous generations, using both the sub-6 GHz and millimeter wave (mmWave) spectrum bands. This allows for much greater bandwidth, resulting in faster data transfer speeds, but also requires new infrastructure to support these higher frequency signals, such as more densely packed antenna arrays.
One of the key technical innovations of 5G is the use of beamforming, which is the ability of networks to focus radio signals in a specific direction, reducing interference and increasing the signal-to-noise ratio. This is achieved by using multiple antennas on the base station and the user device, which work together to dynamically direct the signal.
Another key feature of 5G is network slicing, which enables networks to create virtual networks within physical networks, each optimized for specific use cases. This allows for more efficient use of network resources as well as providing guaranteed Quality of Service (QoS) for mission-critical applications.
5G also introduces new network architectures, including the use of cloud-native technologies, edge